Cell References

When using a cell or range reference in Excel, there are three types of references you can use:

Relative: The format whereby the row and column references change as you copy formulas into other cells. By default, Excel references cells through offsets fromo the current row and column.

Ex. C2, D2, BZ45, AAB531

Absolute: The row and column references remain static when copying formulas into other cells because the cell references to the actual address. 

Ex. $C$2, $D$2, $BZ$45, $AAB$531

Mixed: Either the row or column is relative, with the other remaining absolute. 

Ex. $C2, D$2, $BZ45, AAB$531

In referencing cells there are three additional types you should know:

Range: Technically a formula since the : operator performs an operation on its two adjacent cell references, but it basically refers to a rectangular array that includes every cell in between the two references.

Ex. $C2:D$2, BZ45:$AAB$531

Named: Any range of cells or single cell whose reference you can change to a name in the name box on the top right hand corner of the application.

Ex. Cornelius, Woofers, 123414321, asldfjknajfn, Big Dogs

External/3D: Used to reference cells from different worksheets in a same or different workbook.

Ex. =SheetName!CellAdress, =[WorkbookName]SheetName!CellAddress